Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41737351›Full record

ArticleJournal of nutritional science2026

Development and validation of an educational comic book on healthy eating in early childhood.

Cristiano Carvalho Soares, Luciane Zanin, Marcelo Sperandio, Flávia Martão Flório

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nutritional science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Intervention Using Video and Comic Books Targeting Nutritional Outcomes in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026
    Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Cristiano Carvalho SoaresFaculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Luciane ZaninFaculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Marcelo SperandioFaculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Flávia Martão FlórioFaculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7742-0255

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The objective of this study was to develop and validate an educational comic book designed to promote healthy eating among caregivers of young children. The study was conducted in four phases: (1) literature review and script development; (2) creation of the initial version of the comic book, including illustrations, layout and design, and calculation of the Flesch Readability Index (FI); (3) expert validation of the initial version and calculation of the Content Validity Index (CVI); and (4) adaptation of the comic book based on expert suggestions, recalculation of the FI, and pilot testing (CVI) with a lay population. A total of 64 volunteers participated in the validation process, including 14 expert judges and 50 caregivers responsible for feeding children aged 0 to 5 years. Statistical analysis included descriptive measures and inferential testing using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The FI score for the initial version was 85.0%, indicating a reading level classified as "easy to understand." After expert evaluation, the CVI reached 94%, reflecting high agreement among participants. In the revised version, the FI remained high at 84.7%, reinforcing the "easy to understand" reading level, while the CVI increased to 98% following the pilot test, demonstrating strong consensus among participants. A significant improvement in knowledge regarding healthy eating was observed after reading the comic book (

Indexed as

Comic Books as TopicDiet, HealthyHealth EducationHealth PromotionCaregiversChild, PreschoolComprehensionFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansInfantMalePilot ProjectsReproducibility of ResultsChildComic bookFood and nutritional health promotionFood and nutrition educationHealth educationPreschoolValidation study

Identifiers

PMID41737351
PMCPMC12926666

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.