Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41736871›Full record

ArticleiScience2026

Comparison of gut virome in Kenyan infants born to women with and without HIV.

Emily R Begnel, Rabia Maqsood, LaRinda A Holland, Ednah Ojee, Prestone Owiti, Judith Adhiambo, Eliza Mabele, Soren Gantt, Bhavna H Chohan, John Kinuthia and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Emily R BegnelDepartment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Rabia MaqsoodCenter for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
LaRinda A HollandCenter for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Ednah OjeeDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Prestone OwitiDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Judith AdhiamboDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Eliza MabeleDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Soren GanttDépartement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Centre de Recherche Azrieli du CHU St-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Bhavna H ChohanDepartment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
John KinuthiaDepartment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Dalton WamalwaDepartment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Efrem S LimCenter for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Dara A LehmanDepartment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jennifer SlykerDepartment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Funding

University of Washington/Fred Hutch Center for AIDS ResearchP30AI027757 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI CONNIE L CELUM · 1988 to 2026
$104.9M
The effect of cytomegalovirus, inflammation, and immune activation on neurodevelopment in children exposed to maternal HIV infectionP01HD107669 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Grace C. John-Stewart, John Kinuthia · 2022 to 2026
$8.8M
Maternal-infant Virome Transmission: the role of HIV and Antiretroviral TherapyR01HD092311 · NICHD · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI LEHMAN, DARA ANN · 2017 to 2021
$3.9M
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027757NICHD NIH HHS P01 HD107669NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD092311
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The gut virome develops in infancy, seeded from numerous sources including the maternal virome. Altered infant virome development from exposure to maternal HIV infection could contribute to the higher observed morbidity among children who are HIV-exposed, uninfected (CHEU) versus HIV-unexposed (CHUU). To assess whether infant HIV exposure affects gut virome development, we sequenced the DNA virome in stool samples collected between birth-2 years from 37 CHUU and 32 CHEU whose mothers received optimized antiretroviral therapy (ART). Richness and Shannon diversity increased with age and introduction of foods other than breastmilk, and Bray-Curtis distances varied by age. Virome richness was lower among CHEU than CHUU, but Shannon diversity and Bray-Curtis distances did not differ by HIV exposure. These findings suggest that HIV exposure is not a major determinant of the infant virome when mothers receive optimized ART.

Indexed as

Microbiome

Identifiers

PMID41736871
PMCPMC12927066

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.