ArticleERJ open research2026
FRONTIER-3: a randomised phase 2a study to investigate tozorakimab, an anti-interleukin-33 monoclonal antibody, in early-onset asthma.
Article in ERJ open research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04570657 (A Phase II, Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of MEDI3506 in Adult Participants With Uncontrolled Moderate-to-severe Asthma), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase II, Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of MEDI3506 in Adult Participants With Uncontrolled Moderate-to-severe Asthma
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Interleukin-33 and its receptor: multifaceted roles and emerging therapeutic potential.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Post-genome-wide association study variant-to-function challenges in asthma research.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- Emerging Targeted Therapies in Asthma: From Upstream Epithelial Biology to Novel Biologic and Small-Molecule Strategies.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Review
- Review
- Emerging Systemic Treatments for Asthma and Allergic Diseases: New Tricks, Same Dog?The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Review
- New-onset allergic diseases after SARS-CoV-2 infection: mechanistic hypotheses and emerging strategies for risk stratification.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Safety Profile of Tozorakimab (an Anti-IL-33 Monoclonal Antibody): Data from the FRONTIER Phase 2 Program.Biologics : targets & therapy · 2026Article
- Interleukin-33 at the intersection of inflammation and repair.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- IL-33 blockade in asthma: a story of hype, hope and hindsight.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Type 2 Inflammation in Asthma and COPD: Biomarkers, Clinical Applications, and Targeted Therapies.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Neutrophilic Asthma-From Mechanisms to New Perspectives of Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Biologic Therapies for Severe Asthma: Current Insights and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Advances in Biologic Therapies for Allergic Diseases: Current Trends, Emerging Agents, and Future Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- [Highlights of the 58th Congress of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR)].Open respiratory archivesReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Interleukin (IL)-33 is implicated in the initiation and progression of asthma. FRONTIER-3 (NCT04570657) was a phase 2a study to investigate tozorakimab, an anti-IL-33 monoclonal antibody, in adults with moderate-to-severe early-onset asthma receiving standard of care. Methods: Patients were randomised 1:1:1 to tozorakimab 600 mg, tozorakimab 300 mg or placebo, once every 4 weeks subcutaneously. The primary end-point was change from baseline to week 16 in pre-bronchodilator (pre-BD) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV Results: The intent-to-treat (ITT) population included 235 patients with a median disease duration of >30 years; a majority had a baseline blood eosinophil count (BEC) <300 cells·μL Conclusions: Although FRONTIER-3 did not meet the primary study end-point, tozorakimab treatment showed encouraging efficacy signals in patients with early-onset asthma and a history of exacerbations.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.