Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41735510›Full record

ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2026

Electrical impedance tomography reveals ventilation and perfusion heterogeneity in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Katelyn G Enzer, Nilton Barbosa Da Rosa, Allison Keck, Ella Hagopian, John T Brinton, Omid Rajabi Shishvan, Gary Saulnier, David Isaacson, Jennifer L Mueller, Christopher D Baker

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Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Katelyn G EnzerDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. katelyn.enzer@cuanschutz.edu.
Nilton Barbosa Da RosaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Allison KeckDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Ella HagopianDepartment of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0506-7004
John T BrintonDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, Child Health Biostatistics Core, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
Omid Rajabi ShishvanDepartment of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9702-3716
Gary SaulnierDepartment of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY, USA.
David IsaacsonRensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
Jennifer L MuellerDepartment of Mathematics and School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Christopher D BakerDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1171-563X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivePreterm infants have pulmonary ventilation and perfusion abnormalities, yet few imaging modalities can inform clinicians about this ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) relationship. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is an imaging technique with V/Q imaging capabilities that has not been well described in infants with BPD. STUDY

designEIT was performed every 4 weeks in preterm infants for a maximum of 5 visits per infant. Term infants with healthy lungs had one EIT imaging visit as controls.

resultsData were collected from a total of 51 EIT visits. Novel V/Q maps were generated from each visit. Ventilation heterogeneity (measured by the global inhomogeneity index) and V/Q heterogeneity (measured by coefficient of variation of V/Q maps) were significantly higher in preterm infants at the visit closest to 36 weeks post-menstrual age than controls (p = 0.002 and p = 0.039, respectively).

conclusionsPulmonary ventilation, perfusion, and V/Q relationship can be quantified by EIT, and may be indicators of chronic lung disease.

Identifiers

PMID41735510

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.