ArticleJournal of American college health : J of ACH2026
Perceived norms and e-cigarette use among young adults in US college: The mediation role of outcome expectancies.
Article in Journal of American college health : J of ACH, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesThis study examines the mediating roles of outcome expectancies in the relationship between perceived norms and e-cigarette use among college-aged young adults.
participantsThe sample of the study includes 616 college students (
methodsA confidential online survey on young adults' e-cigarette network was administered to college students at a large Hispanic-serving public university in the southwestern United States.
resultsPositive reinforcement expectancies partially mediated the association between descriptive norms and daily e-cigarette use frequency. Thus, descriptive norms had a positive indirect effect on daily e-cigarette use frequency through positive reinforcement expectancies.
conclusionsThe findings highlight that positive reinforcement outcome expectancies, such as enjoying the flavor of e-cigarettes, may be critical in explaining the association between descriptive norms and e-cigarette use among college students. College-based e-cigarette prevention campaigns should challenge positive beliefs about e-cigarettes and target students with negative reinforcement expectancies, who are at higher risk for dependence.
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