Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41734146›Full record

ArticlePloS one2026

Comparative analysis and correlation of neck proprioception and function among car and motorcycle drivers: A cross-sectional study.

Aafreen Aafreen, Abdur Raheem Khan, Ashfaque Khan, Ausaf Ahmad, Adel Alshahrani, Hussain Saleh H Ghulam, Saeed Y Al Adal, Yousef Hamad Hassan Al Sharyah, Hashim Ahmed, Muhammad Yaseen Mughal

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Aafreen AafreenDepartment of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8604-7894
Abdur Raheem KhanDepartment of Physiotherapy, Integral University, Lucknow, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0898-0272
Ashfaque KhanDepartment of Physiotherapy, Integral University, Lucknow, India.
Ausaf AhmadDepartment of Community Medicine, Kalyan Singh Govermnent Medical College, Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6640-7581
Adel AlshahraniDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences-Physiotherapy Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
Hussain Saleh H GhulamDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences-Physiotherapy Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
Saeed Y Al AdalDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences-Physiotherapy Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
Yousef Hamad Hassan Al SharyahDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences-Physiotherapy Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
Hashim AhmedDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences-Physiotherapy Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
Muhammad Yaseen MughalDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences-Physiotherapy Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNeck proprioception and function are essential for individuals engaged in car and motorcycle driving. The comparison and correlation between these factors can vary significantly between car and motorcycle drivers, impacting their driving safety and comfort. The objective of this study was to investigate and compare the correlation between neck proprioception and neck function in individuals who frequently drive cars and motorcycles.

methodsA cohort of 600 regular drivers (300 car and 300 motorcycle drivers) was recruited. Neck proprioception was measured using the Cervical Joint Position Error (CJPE) test, assessing right and left cervical rotation. Neck function was assessed using the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression models were applied for data analysis.

resultsCar drivers demonstrated significantly poorer neck proprioception, indicated by higher CJPE scores (mean = 4.2 for right rotation, 4.1 for left rotation) compared to motorcycle drivers (mean = 3.1 for right rotation, 2.9 for left rotation, p < 0.001). Additionally, car drivers exhibited greater neck disability as shown by higher NDI scores (mean = 12.4) compared to motorcycle drivers (mean = 9.1, p < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between CJPE and NDI scores (r = 0.55, p < 0.001).

conclusionThe findings indicate that car driving is associated with poorer neck proprioception and higher neck disability compared to motorcycle driving. Notably, driving type, age, and driving duration significantly influenced neck proprioception and function. The results highlight the potential importance of proprioceptive training interventions to enhance neck function, particularly for older car drivers and those with prolonged driving experience.

Indexed as

Automobile DrivingMotorcyclesNeckProprioceptionAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID41734146
PMCPMC12931761

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