ArticleIrish journal of medical science2026
Serum cardiotrophin-1 and interleukin-17 levels are elevated and correlate with disease severity in acne vulgaris.
Article in Irish journal of medical science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAcne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit influenced by innate and adaptive immune responses. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and cardiotrophin-1, two mediators involved in inflammation and metabolic stress, have been proposed as potential contributors to acne pathophysiology. This study aimed to compare serum IL-17 and cardiotrophin-1 levels between acne patients and healthy controls and to assess their relationship with disease severity.
methodsIn this study, 57 acne patients and 57 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum IL-17 and cardiotrophin-1 levels were measured by ELISA. Acne severity was classified using the Global Acne Grading System. Lipid profiles and hematological parameters were also assessed.
resultsSerum IL-17 and cardiotrophin-1 levels were significantly higher in the acne group compared to controls (p < 0.001). Within the patient cohort, the severe acne subgroup had significantly higher levels of both cytokines than the mild acne subgroup. A positive correlation was found between IL-17 and cardiotrophin-1 (r = 0.549, p < 0.001), and both were correlated with acne severity (cardiotrophin-1: r = 0.735; IL-17: r = 0.453; p < 0.001). ROC analysis demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for both biomarkers, with an AUC of 0.945 (95%CI:0.909–0.981) for cardiotrophin-1 and 0.904 (95%CI:0.852–0.956) for IL-17. Additionally, leukocyte, neutrophil, and platelet indices, as well as total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, were significantly elevated in patients.
conclusionsThe elevated levels of IL-17 and cardiotrophin-1 and their correlation with disease severity suggest their potential role as inflammatory biomarkers in acne. ROC analysis showed strong discrimination, but acne is clinically diagnosed; biomarkers require multicenter, longitudinal validation.
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