Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41732383›Full record

ArticleMaterials today. Bio2026

Environmentally activatable hydrogel for spatiotemporally programmed nitric oxide delivery for diabetic wound healing.

Langjie Chai, Yiran Shi, Qianqian Li, Yifan Han, Liangcong Hu, Yifeng Lei, Liang Guo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials today. Bio, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Langjie ChaiDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Yiran ShiDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Qianqian LiDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Yifan HanSchool of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
Liangcong HuDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Yifeng LeiSchool of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
Liang GuoDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) plays a central role in wound healing, by regulating vascular homeostasis, inflammation, and antimicrobial effects. However, chronic diabetic wounds are difficult to heal due to the hyperglycemic microenvironment, which reduces endogenous NO production. Therefore, developing intelligent dressings capable of spatiotemporally programmed NO delivery holds great promise in promoting diabetic wound healing. Herein, we engineered an environmentally activatable hydrogel that enabled on-demand NO release for diabetic wound healing. The CS-SNAP hydrogel was achieved by covalent grafting of NO donor (S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, SNAP) onto the matrix of carboxymethyl chitosan methacryloyl (CMCSMA), and by subsequent fast photopolymerization during only 10 s. The CS-SNAP hydrogel enabled sustained release of NO over 300 min by simply modulating ambient light and temperature. When applied to diabetic wounds, not only did the CS-SNAP hydrogel exhibit effective antibacterial activity, but it also showed good angiogenic ability and promoted M1-to-M2 polarization of macrophages. Together, this environmentally activatable platform demonstrates great potential to shorten the inflammatory phase of diabetic wounds, prevent bacterial colonization, and accelerates diabetic wound healing.

Indexed as

Chitosan hydrogelDiabetic woundInflammation regulationNO deliveryWound healing

Identifiers

PMID41732383
PMCPMC12925292

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.