Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41731506›Full record

ArticleBMC medicine2026

Can we protect refugee children from mental health problems?- a scoping review of modifiable factors to inform preventive interventions.

Rita Gonçalves, M J Marques, Jordan Sibeoni, Sónia Dias

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Rita GonçalvesNOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), REAL, CCAL, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. mrm.goncalves@ensp.unl.pt.ORCID 0000-0003-1538-0782
M J MarquesNOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), REAL, CCAL, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-9214-4180
Jordan Sibeoni *NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), REAL, CCAL, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-9613-5513
Sónia Dias *NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), REAL, CCAL, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. sonia.dias@ensp.unl.pt.ORCID 0000-0001-5085-0685

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe growing number of refugee children worldwide raises urgent public-health concerns regarding their mental health and well-being. Preventive approaches can mitigate risks before the onset of disorders, yet their development requires a clear understanding of modifiable determinants of mental health. Previous reviews have rarely applied a public-health and prevention lens to distinguish between modifiable and non-modifiable factors. This scoping review aimed to identify and organize potentially modifiable determinants of refugee children's mental health to inform the design of multi-level preventive strategies.

methodsFollowing the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we conducted systematic searches in PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for studies published from 2011 to January 2025. Eligible studies reported qualitative or quantitative data on modifiable factors associated with mental health outcomes among refugee and asylum-seeking children and adolescents (0-18 years). Data were analyzed using a socio-ecological framework encompassing individual, family, community, and policy/institutional levels.

resultsForty-nine studies were included. Despite methodological diversity, we identified multiple interrelated modifiable factors influencing mental health, such as coping and language proficiency (individual), parental mental health and family routines (family), social support and discrimination (community), and asylum policies or access to education and health services (policy/institutional). These factors interact dynamically across levels, shaping both vulnerability and resilience.

conclusionsThis review provides a prevention-oriented, public-health framework for action on refugee children's mental health. Targeting these interconnected determinants through coordinated, multi-level, and co-designed interventions may enhance resilience, promote equity, and guide policy priorities for refugee child mental-health promotion.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersMental HealthRefugeesAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolHumansAsylum seekersChild/adolescent mental healthModifiable risk and protective factorsPreventive interventionsPublic healthRefugeesScoping review

Identifiers

PMID41731506
PMCPMC13037047

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.