ArticleBMC public health2026
Connection of smoking with risks of dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension among adults in Northeast China: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tobacco smoking behavior and health outcomes among patients with chronic diseases: a comparative study of tobacco-producing and non-producing areas in southern Thailand.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association of active and passive smoking with noncommunicable diseases in a large health check-up population: A cross-sectional study in Changzhi, Shanxi province, China.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe high smoking prevalence and growing burden of chronic metabolic diseases have been threatening public health in Northeast China. This study aimed to investigate the association of smoking/quitting status with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in residents in Northeast China.
methodsA total of 78,674 adults aged 35-75 years old were enrolled from a cross-sectional study conducted in Northeast China in 2020. Demographic data were collected, and biochemical indices and anthropometric indices were measured. Associations of smoking/quitting status with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were investigated using logistic regression. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to assess the dose-response relationship between smoking/quitting status and prevalence of dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension.
resultsA total of 16,401 (20.85%) smokers, 25,805 (32.80%) adults with dyslipidemia, 16,812 (21.37%) adults with diabetes, and 33,539 (42.63%) adults with hypertension were identified in this study. The risk of diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension in current heavy smokers and former heavy smokers were higher than that in never-smokers (all P < 0.001). The risk of dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension elevated with the increase of cigarette amounts from "1-5 cigarettes per day" to "≥31 cigarettes per day" and smoking duration from "1-18 years" to "19-31 years". However, excluding quitting smoking for 2-3 years (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.01-1.67, P = 0.041) and 7-20 years (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.12-1.83, P = 0.004) enhancing diabetes risk, quitting duration was not associated with the risk of dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension (all P > 0.05).
conclusionSmoking status, smoking amount, and smoking duration, rather than quitting duration, are associated with the risk of dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension among adults in Northeast China.
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