Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41729478›Full record

ArticleEuropean geriatric medicine2026

Delirium awareness and care practices among Western European healthcare professionals: a survey.

Christoph Leinert, Magnhild Dejgaard, Isabella Glaser, Christian Myrstad, Per R Nordnes, Marco Salvi, Sylvie Bonin-Guillaume, Barbara C van Munster, Federico Triolo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European geriatric medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Christoph LeinertInstitute for Geriatric Research, Ulm University Medical Center at Agaplesion Bethesda Ulm, Zollernring 26, 89073, Ulm, Germany. Christoph.leinert@uni-ulm.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6638-1780
Magnhild DejgaardDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Isabella GlaserUniversity Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, Basel, Switzerland.
Christian MyrstadDepartment of Medicine, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway.
Per R NordnesDepartment of Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Sørlandet Hospital HF, Arendal, Norway.
Marco SalviGeriatric Clinic Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Sylvie Bonin-GuillaumeService de Médecine Interne-Gériatrie, Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France.
Barbara C van MunsterDivision of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Federico TrioloAging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeDespite its high prevalence, delirium remains under-recognized and inadequately managed, with notable differences across clinical and geographical settings. This study aimed to assess current practices, perceived knowledge and barriers to delirium management, and educational preferences among healthcare professionals (HCP) in four Western European countries.

methodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted between September 2024 and February 2025 across six hospitals in Norway, Switzerland, Germany, and Italy. Doctors, nurses and therapists (physio-, occupational, and speech-language therapists) from surgical, medical, geriatric, and rehabilitation wards were invited to participate via institutional networks. The survey assessed perceived knowledge on delirium, use of screening tools, implemented prevention strategies, barriers, and preferred educational methods. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.

results529 HCP responded (72% female; nurses 41.6%, doctors 36.3%). Delirium was frequently encountered, particularly in geriatric and rehabilitation wards; however, 53% reported not using formal assessments, 22% reported using 4AT and 16% CAM. Perceived barriers for better care included lack of time and staffing (69%), limited knowledge (55%), and absence of standard operating procedures (30%). The implementation of preventive strategies and perceived competence varied across settings and countries, with more comprehensive approaches reported in environments with a stronger geriatric focus. Case-based learning emerged as the most preferred educational format across all professional groups (65.5%).

conclusionThe survey highlights still existing gaps in the implementation of optimal delirium care across different European settings from the HCP perspectives and shows that profession- and context-specific educational initiatives are warranted and might contribute to improvement in care.

Indexed as

DeliriumHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth PersonnelAdultAttitude of Health PersonnelCross-Sectional StudiesEuropeFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesAwarenessDeliriumGeriatricsHealth care professionalsKnowledgeSurvey

Identifiers

PMID41729478
PMCPMC13309479

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.