Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41729431›Full record

ArticleBreast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)2026

Prognostic significance of peripheral myeloid-derived suppressor cells in advanced breast cancer.

Haruka Kanaoka, Masayuki Nagahashi, Junko Tsuchida, Mamiko Kuroiwa, Sayaka Urano, Miki Komatsu, Shoko Yoshida, Aoi Oshiro, Gen Sugimoto, Ayumu Mitsuyoshi and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Haruka KanaokaDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Masayuki NagahashiDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan. ma-nagahashi@hyo-med.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3462-253X
Junko TsuchidaDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Mamiko KuroiwaDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Sayaka UranoDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Miki KomatsuDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Shoko YoshidaDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Aoi OshiroDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Gen SugimotoDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Ayumu MitsuyoshiDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Yusa TogashiDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Akira HattoriDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Tomoko HiguchiDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Arisa NishimukaiDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Masafumi ShimodaDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.
Yasuo MiyoshiDivision of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan.

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 24K11755Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 24K11775Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 25K02712
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe exact roles of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood of individuals with advanced breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy remain unclear. This study aimed to assess peripheral blood immune-related markers, including MDSCs, in patients with advanced breast cancer treated with chemotherapy, and to examine the relationship between these immune cells and clinical outcomes. We also examined the relationship between MDSCs and peripheral blood biomarkers, including the absolute lymphocyte count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.

methodsSeventy-three women who were treated with chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer were evaluated. Blood samples from patients at baseline and after cycle 1 treatment were subjected to flow cytometry.

resultsIndividuals with a lower baseline level of MDSCs demonstrated a significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and a tendency for enhanced overall survival (OS) compared with those with a higher level of MDSCs. The baseline level of MDSCs was a significant independent prognostic factor for PFS. Patients with a low proportion of MDSCs after cycle 1 had significantly better PFS and OS than their counterparts. The group of patients with a low proportion of MDSCs at baseline and after cycle 1 showed significantly better PFS and OS than the other groups. Patients with a low absolute lymphocyte count, an elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and a reduced lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio exhibited significantly higher MDSC levels.

conclusionsThe level of MDSCs may serve as a prognostic indicator for individuals with advanced breast cancer. Peripheral blood biomarkers may reflect the proportion of circulating MDSCs.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBreast NeoplasmsMyeloid-Derived Suppressor CellsAdultAgedBiomarkers, TumorFemaleHumansLymphocyte CountMiddle AgedNeutrophilsPrognosisProgression-Free SurvivalT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryBiomarkers, TumorBreast neoplasmMyeloid-derived suppressor cellsPeripheral blood biomarkerRegulatory t cellsRetrospective study

Identifiers

PMID41729431
PMCPMC13124773

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