ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Incidence and clinical features of ANCA-associated vasculitis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience from a single-center in Northern Spain.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: A transient increase in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) incidence was observed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to assess new AAV diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic in a single-center cohort. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients newly diagnosed with AAV at a tertiary care university hospital in Northern Spain between January 2019 and December 2022. Cases were classified according to the 2022 American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (ACR/EULAR) criteria. Clinical and serologic data were collected, including antibody specificity for proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA), as well as the temporal relationship to SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination. Results: A significant increase in AAV incidence was observed during the pandemic, rising from 22.4 cases per million in 2019 to 37.9 cases per million in 2021 ( Conclusion: The temporary but significant rise in AAV incidence suggests a possible temporal association with COVID-19 infection or vaccination. These findings underscore the need to conduct larger, multicentre studies to confirm these observations, investigate potential pathophysiological mechanisms, and improve clinical management approaches.
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