Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41728450›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Hybrid Assistive Limb Single Joint Type (HAL-SJ) Training for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Case Series.

Mao Tanaka, Yuichiro Soma, Yukiyo Shimizu, Naoya Kikuchi, Hideki Kadone, Masashi Yamazaki, Hajime Mishima, Yasushi Hada

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mao TanakaGraduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Master's Program in Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JPN.
Yuichiro SomaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JPN.
Yukiyo ShimizuDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JPN.
Naoya KikuchiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JPN.
Hideki KadoneCenter for Cybernics Research, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, JPN.
Masashi YamazakiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JPN.
Hajime MishimaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JPN.
Yasushi HadaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JPN.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint condition in older adults, and pain often limits engagement in conventional exercise therapy. We report three cases of patients with Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade 3 KO who underwent rehabilitation using the Hybrid Assistive Limb Single Joint Type (HAL-SJ), a wearable robotic device that supports voluntary knee movement based on bioelectrical signals from muscle activity. All patients completed 10 training sessions over five weeks with no serious adverse events. The intervention was well tolerated, and no clinically significant deterioration in symptoms was observed during the training period. Knee pain decreased in two cases and remained unchanged in one case. These cases suggest that HAL-assisted knee training is feasible and safe for patients with moderate knee OA and may offer potential clinical benefits.

Indexed as

conservative therapyhybrid assistive limb (hal)knee osteoarthritis/ koarehabilitation protocolrobotic-assisted rehabilitation

Identifiers

PMID41728450
PMCPMC12923294

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.