ArticleResearch square2026
A Comparison of Opioid Overdose Risk Behaviors by Race and Ethnicity Among Overdose Survivors in Boston, MA, and San Francisco, CA.
Article in Research square, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02093559 (Repeated-dose Brief Intervention to Reduce Overdose and Risk Behaviors Among Naloxone Recipients), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Repeated-dose Brief Intervention to Reduce Overdose and Risk Behaviors Among Naloxone Recipients
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Updated by
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Black and Latine people are at high risk for opioid overdose mortality. Interventions focused on overdose risk behaviors may offer opportunities to reduce the risk of overdose, but little research has addressed racial and ethnic differences in risk behaviors. We explored differences in risk behaviors among Black, Latine, and White individuals who used opioids and had a history of prior overdose. Methods: We used data from REBOOT 2.0 (the REpeated dose Behavioral intervention to reduce Opioid Overdose Trial) based in Boston, MA, and San Francisco, CA, which enrolled people with opioid use disorder and a history of opioid overdose. We used the Andersen behavioral model to inform covariate selection for a multivariable logistic regression analysis examining associations between race/ethnicity (Black, Latine, and White) and three opioid overdose risk behaviors (using opioids alone, not using a tester dose, and using alcohol or benzodiazepines on the same day as opioids). Results: Of 247 participants, 19% were Black, 16% were Latine and 66% were White. More than 20% in each group reported each risk behavior. In unadjusted analyses, Black participants had higher odds of using alone (OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.08-4.36) but lower odds of not using a tester dose (OR=0.48, 95% CI 0.24-0.93) compared to White participants. After adjusting for age, gender and structural determinants of health (e.g., housing, incarceration, education, opioid use disorder treatment) the adjusted odds of Black participants using alone (aOR=2.05, 95% CI 0.99-4.26) and using a tester dose (aOR=0.56, 95% CI 0.28-1.13) were no longer statistically significant. Conclusions: Overdose risk behaviors were common among Black, Latine, and White overdose survivors in San Francisco and Boston. Overdose risk behaviors were not significantly different for Black or Latine compared to White overdose survivors after adjusting for age, gender, and structural determinants of health. Overdose risk reduction strategies for those at the highest risk for overdose death need to move beyond risk behavior reduction education and address structural determinants of health. Trial registration: Details found at clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02093559.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.