ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2026
Seawater pearl hydrolysate alleviates perimenopausal syndrome by modulating hypothalamic and uterine ERα/MAPK/CREB signaling in ovariectomized rats.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Perimenopausal syndrome (PMS), characterised by hormonal imbalance resulting from ovarian aging, causes various symptoms that significantly impair quality of life. Current hormone replacement therapy carries potential risks; thus, safer alternatives are needed. This study investigated the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of seawater pearl hydrolysate (SPH) against PMS in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model, focusing on the estrogen receptorα (Erα)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway. Methods: A PMS rat model was established via bilateral ovariectomy. Rats were divided into Sham, Model, Kuntai capsule (KT, positive control), and low-, medium-, and high-dose SPH groups. After 15 days of treatment, we assessed estrous cycles, open-field behavior, serum sex hormones [estradiol (E Results: Compared with the sham group, model rats showed disrupted estrous cycles, decreased locomotor activity, reduced uterine and hypothalamic indices, abnormal tissue morphology, significantly reduced serum levels of E Conclusion: SPH effectively alleviates PMS symptoms in OVX rats. Its therapeutic effects are associated with restored hormonal balance, reduced oxidative stress, improved lipid metabolism, and modulation of the ERα/MAPK/CREB signaling pathway in both uterine and hypothalamic tissues, suggesting an integrated neuroendocrine regulatory mechanism. Further studies employing functional inhibition experiments are warranted to confirm these causal relationships.
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