Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41727501›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Possible role of pre-vaccination T-lymphocyte subpopulations in the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccines in children undergoing chemotherapy.

Csaba Péterfia, Zsolt I Komlósi, Zoltán Pós, Nikolett Lupsa, Nóra Fekete, Katalin Böröcz, Timea Dergez, Evelin A Leibinger, Noémi Benedek, Ágnes Vojcek and 11 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Csaba PéterfiaDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
Zsolt I KomlósiDepartment of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Zoltán PósDepartment of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Nikolett LupsaDepartment of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Nóra FeketeDepartment of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Katalin BöröczDepartment of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Timea DergezInstitute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
Evelin A LeibingerDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
Noémi BenedekDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
Ágnes VojcekDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
Bence HorváthDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
Vita VertikeDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
Krisztina CsanádiHemato-Oncology Unit, Heim Pal Children's Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.
Péter HauserHaematology/Oncology and Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Child Health Centre, Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen County Hospital, Miskolc, Hungary.
Lilla Györgyi TiszlaviczDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
Dániel János ErdélyiPediatric Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Edit Ágota BrücknerPediatric Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Sándor SzabóPediatric Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Nikolett Jusztina BeniczkyPediatric Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Timea BerkiDepartment of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Gábor OttóffyDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: In a previous study, we found a possible connection between pre-vaccination CD3+CD56+ T cells and seroresponse to influenza vaccination in immunosuppressed patients. Decreased circulating CD3+CD56+ T cells have been described in severe COVID-19, but their role in vaccination is unknown. This study evaluated the humoral immune response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in children with cancer following two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. We investigated the relationship between cellular immunity (including CD3+CD56+ T cells) and the post-vaccination antibody response. Methods: A multicenter, prospective cohort study was completed by recruiting patients receiving chemotherapy and healthy controls, who received two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations was performed before vaccination; serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG was measured before vaccination and 21-28 days after the second vaccination. We evaluated the relationship between various cellular parameters before vaccination and antibody response. Results: Serological response was assessed in 20 oncology patients and 13 healthy controls. The seroconversion rate was 55% among oncology patients and 92.3% among healthy controls (p = 0.023). Geometric mean fold increase (GMFI) of the titers was 6.69 and 41.64 (p = 0.011), respectively. Flow cytometric analysis revealed a significantly higher seroconversion rate in patients with higher baseline CD3+CD56+ T cell (p = 0.044) and CD56+ NK (p = 0.038) cell counts. Based on GMFI, we found a positive association between a greater antibody response and higher baseline CD4+ (p = 0.007), CD4+CD3+CD56+ (p = 0.019), and CD4+ MAIT (p = 0.010) cell counts, as well as a higher CD4/CD8 ratio (p = 0.029). Conclusion: Our study suggests that an adequate humoral immune response can be induced by the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in pediatric oncology patients. We explored for the first time the possible association between pre-vaccination T lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3+CD56+, CD56+ NK, CD4+, CD4+CD3+CD56+ cells) and the antibody response to the COVID-19 vaccine. We have similar observations as previously reported with influenza vaccination, suggesting that CD3+CD56+ T cells may be involved in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We highlight the connection between pre-vaccination CD4+ MAIT cell populations and the antibody response.

Indexed as

Antibodies, ViralBNT162 VaccineCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesNeoplasmsSARS-CoV-2T-Lymphocyte SubsetsAdolescentAntibody FormationCD56 AntigenChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansImmunocompromised HostMaleAntibodies, ViralBNT162 VaccineCD56 AntigenCOVID-19 VaccinesCD3+CD56+ T-cellsCD4+ MAIT cellsCOVID-19immune responseimmunosuppressionlymphocyte subpopulationspediatric oncologySARS-CoV-2 vaccination

Identifiers

PMID41727501
PMCPMC12916594

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.