Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41725985›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2025

Experimental determination of effective X-ray attenuation coefficients of 3D-printed materials under clinical mammography spectra.

Adrián Belarra, Irene Hernández-Girón, Julia Garayoa, Luis Carlos Martínez, Julio Valverde, María José Rot, Alejandro Ferrando, Antonio Martín, Margarita Chevalier

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Adrián BelarraMedical Physics, Radiology and Rehabilitation Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Irene Hernández-GirónSchool of Physics, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland.
Julia GarayoaServicio de Protección Radiológica, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
Luis Carlos MartínezMedical Physics, Radiology and Rehabilitation Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Julio ValverdeServicio de Protección Radiológica, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
María José RotServicio de Radiofísica Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
Alejandro FerrandoServicio de Radiofísica Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
Antonio MartínUnidad de Tecnologías Avanzadas en Diseño e Impresión 3D (UTADI 3D), Instituto i+12. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
Margarita ChevalierMedical Physics, Radiology and Rehabilitation Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: 3D printing enables the fabrication of customized breast phantoms for image quality assessment in digital mammography (DM) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). A major challenge is the absence of standardized, accessible methods to characterize the attenuation properties of 3D-printed materials under clinical DM/DBT spectra. Methods: An experimental framework was implemented to determine the effective X-ray attenuation coefficient ( Results: Beam hardening and scatter reduced Conclusion: This framework demonstrates that routine clinical mammography systems can be used directly, without specialized instrumentation, to characterize 3D-printed materials as tissue surrogates. Several low-cost, widely available polymers were shown to reproduce breast tissue attenuation, supporting the local fabrication of anthropomorphic breast phantoms for realistic and clinically relevant image quality evaluation.

Indexed as

3D printingbeam hardeningeffective attenuation coefficientpolyenergetic beamsscattered radiationX-ray breast imaging

Identifiers

PMID41725985
PMCPMC12916599

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.