ArticleOphthalmology science2026
Differentiation Between Moderate Versus High Myopia: The 2-Continent Eye Study.
Article in Ophthalmology science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Prevalence, Associations, and Visual Impact of Myopic Macular Degeneration in a Multi-ethnic Older Population in Singapore: The PIONEER Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: To determine the cutoff value in axial length between moderate myopia versus high myopia in dependence on the prevalence of myopic macular degeneration (MMD). Design: Population-based studies conducted in Russia, China, and India. Participants: The project included the population-based investigations of the Beijing Eye Study (n = 3325; age: 40+ years), Russian Ural Eye and Medical Study (n = 5586 participants; age: 40+ years), Ural Very Old Study (n = 541; age: 85+ years) and Ural Children Eye Study (n = 4255; age: 6+ years), and Central India Eye and Medical Study (n = 4467; age: 30+ years). Methods: The participants underwent a series of general medical and ophthalmic examinations, including fundus photography and ocular biometry. Myopic macular degeneration was defined according to the Meta-analysis for Pathologic Myopia Study Group. Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence of MMD in dependence on axial length. Results: The total study population included 36 123 eyes (18 471 individuals) (age: 47.4 ± 23.4 years; range: 6-100 years) (axial length: 23.2 ± 1.1 mm; range: 18.22-34.20 mm). In the total study population, higher MMD stage was associated with longer axial length (β: 0.55; B: 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.14-0.15; Conclusions: The axial length-related cutoff for moderate versus high myopia was located approximately at 26.0 and 26.5 mm for the prevalence of MMD stage 2+ and 3+, respectively, with higher values for younger individuals. Myopic macular degeneration prevalence was higher in the Indian cohort. Financial Disclosures: Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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