ArticleRSC advances2026
Enhancing gamma-irradiated NBR/PVC blends with sulfur nanoparticles as a crosslinking promoter.
Article in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The development of polymer nanocomposites is crucial for meeting increasing industrial demands. This research investigated the use of synthesized sulfur nano-particles (S-NPs) as a vulcanizing agent in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blends, which were subsequently exposed to 50 kGy of gamma irradiation. Structural analyses (XRD, TEM, and SEM/EDX) confirmed the formation and dispersion of S-NPs. The influence of S-NP content and gamma irradiation (50 kGy) on the mechanical performance, crosslinking characteristics, and thermal-aging resistance of the blends was systematically investigated. Compared with the pristine NBR/PVC blend, the incorporation of S-NPs significantly enhanced tensile strength from 2.75 MPa to 6.56 MPa and 6.38 MPa for blends containing 0.5 and 2 phr of S-NPs, respectively, under irradiation. After thermal aging at 100 °C, the tensile strength reached up to 9.10 MPa for S-NP-based vulcanizates. Equilibrium swelling decreased from 270% to 120% before irradiation and from 255% to 105% after irradiation, consistent with increased crosslink density and improved mechanical performance. Furthermore, gamma irradiation synergistically enhanced the material properties, as evidenced by the reduced swelling percentage with the increasing S-NP content, indicating higher crosslink density. The blends also exhibited strong resistance to thermal aging at 100 °C and to brake oil, making S-NP-vulcanized NBR/PVC blends suitable for applications in the production of model car tires and footwear, combining the flame resistance of PVC with the flexibility of NBR.
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