Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41725424›Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

Characterisation of steady-state pharmacokinetics and glucodynamics of once-weekly insulin efsitora alfa in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Jennifer Leohr, Oliver Klein, Tim Heise, Eric Zijlstra, Juliana M Bue-Valleskey, Subha Suriyapperuma, Ryan Jarrett, Douglas James, Micheal Case, David Waters and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jennifer LeohrEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5434-7905
Oliver KleinProfil, Neuss, Germany.
Tim HeiseProfil, Neuss, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8346-2037
Eric ZijlstraProfil, Neuss, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-8843-5452
Juliana M Bue-ValleskeyEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Subha SuriyapperumaEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Ryan JarrettEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Douglas JamesEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Micheal CaseEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
David WatersEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Edward PrattEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4449-6231
Helle LinnebjergEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5849-921X

Funding

Eli Lilly and Company
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo evaluate the steady-state pharmacokinetics (PK) and glucodynamic effects of insulin efsitora alfa (efsitora) over a weekly interval in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). MATERIALS AND

methodsThis open-label, multiple dose, euglycaemic clamp study was conducted in 56 insulin naïve adults with T2D (mean [±SD] age, 61.9 ± 5.98 years; HbA1c, 7.1 ± 0.64%; BMI, 31.7 ± 3.20 kg/m

resultsModel-predicted pharmacokinetic steady-state was achieved between the 4th and 6th weekly dose of efsitora when using a one-time loading dose. At steady-state, the PK profile over the week had a low peak-to-trough ratio of 1.16, with a half-life of 19 days. The model-predicted glucose infusion rate profile, over the weekly dosing interval, demonstrated a stable glucose-lowering effect of efsitora. The maximum glucose infusion rate occurred between Days 4 and 5. Efsitora showed an even distribution of the glucose-lowering effect within a weekly dosing interval, with a peak-to-trough ratio of 1.07. Efsitora was safe and well tolerated.

conclusionsEfsitora demonstrated a flat, prolonged PK profile, providing a consistent level of insulin exposure at steady-state and resulting in a stable glucose-lowering response across the weekly dosing interval.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Hypoglycemic AgentsInsulin, Long-ActingAgedDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrug Administration ScheduleFemaleGlucose Clamp TechniqueGlycated HemoglobinHumansInsulinsMaleMiddle AgedRecombinant Fusion ProteinsBlood GlucoseEfsitoraGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin, Long-ActingInsulinsRecombinant Fusion Proteinsbasal insulinclinical trialpharmacodynamicspharmacokineticstype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41725424
PMCPMC13071231

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.