Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41725011›Full record

ArticleParasites & vectors2026

Insecticidal efficacy of residual spraying with deltamethrin-clothianidin (Fludora

Evodia Anetul, Petrina Johnson, Rebecca Vinit, Nakei Bubun, Kiari Kiari, Rowena Absalom, Daniel Aulim, Paul Daly, Melanie Koinari, Tiziano Raffaelli and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Parasites & vectors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Evodia Anetul *Vector-Borne Diseases Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea. evodia.anetul@pngimr.org.pg.
Petrina Johnson *Vector-Borne Diseases Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea.
Rebecca VinitVector-Borne Diseases Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea.
Nakei BubunRotarians Against Malaria Papua New Guinea, National Capital District, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
Kiari KiariVector-Borne Diseases Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea.
Rowena AbsalomVector-Borne Diseases Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea.
Daniel AulimVector-Borne Diseases Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea.
Paul DalyBurnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Melanie KoinariAustralian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, Australia.
Tiziano RaffaelliAustralian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, Australia.
Jason H RichardsonInnovative Vector Control Consortium, Liverpool, UK.
Michael MacdonaldInnovative Vector Control Consortium, Liverpool, UK.
Jacob KisombPapua New Guinea National Department of Health, National Capital District, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
Maria Ome-KaiusVector-Borne Diseases Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea.
Moses Laman *Vector-Borne Diseases Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea.
Leanne J Robinson *Vector-Borne Diseases Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea.
Stephan Karl *Vector-Borne Diseases Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn Papua New Guinea (PNG), insecticide-treated nets leave considerable gaps in protection from Anopheles mosquito bites and, as a result, malaria cases are increasing. Residual spraying (RS) may be an effective complementary malaria control strategy. To understand the potential impact of RS and guide RS implementation, it is important to quantify the duration of insecticidal efficacy of RS formulations. The materials used to construct houses in rural PNG differ significantly from the African study sites where most such data have been generated. This study investigated determinants of duration of insecticidal efficacy of Fludora

methodsEight sprayed houses and four control houses with different wall materials (six sago palm, six bamboo) were selected from each village. Test surfaces were either inside the houses or in protected outdoor locations such as on verandas, which had also been sprayed. Mortality at 24 h post exposure (M24h) was measured over 11 months post RS with wall cone bioassays and susceptible Anopheles farauti colony mosquitoes. The duration that M24h remained above 80% was estimated using a statistical model.

resultsM24h exceeded 95% on all sprayed surfaces within 1 month after spraying but decreased by 51 percentage points during the study period. Overall, M24h fell below 80% at 25 weeks post RS but variability was high [95% confidence interval (CI) 9-41 weeks]. The duration of insecticidal efficacy was significantly associated with the application rate, surface material, indoor versus outdoor location and height of the tested surface area.

conclusionsThe duration of insecticidal efficacy of Fludora

Indexed as

AnophelesGuanidinesInsecticidesMalariaMosquito ControlNeonicotinoidsNitrilesPyrethrinsThiazolesAnimalsFemaleHumansPapua New GuineaclothianidindecamethrinGuanidinesInsecticidesNeonicotinoidsNitrilesPyrethrinsThiazolesAnopheles farautiEfficacyFludora® FusionResidual sprayingWall surfaces

Identifiers

PMID41725011
PMCPMC13032584

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.