Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41724814›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Effects of selected nuts on the biology of Trogoderma granarium Everts.

Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan, Muhammad Bukhari

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Evaluation ofInsects · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan *Department of Entomology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. azhar.iags@pu.edu.pk.
Muhammad Bukhari *Department of Entomology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Trogoderma granarium is a devastating pest of stored products worldwide. This species has the potential to feed, survive and reproduce in non-grain commodities, including nuts. However, biology of T. granarium has scarcely been studied on nuts. Here, we studied biology of T. granarium and constructed life tables on four nuts: peanuts, cashews, pine nuts and pecans, with wheat as a control, via the age-stage, two-sex life table method. Notable differences in the performance of several biological traits were observed when T. granarium was reared on these food commodities. Overall, wheat, peanuts and cashews favored the rapid growth and development of T. granarium over those of pine nuts and pecans. Females of T. granarium reared on peanuts and cashews laid more eggs (52.00, 47.95 eggs/female, respectively) than those reared on pecans and pine nuts (27.67, 33.06 eggs/female, respectively). Among nuts, the preadult duration of T. granarium was shortest for peanuts (59.95 d) and longest for pecans (80.00 d). The values of the net reproductive rate were significantly greater for wheat, peanuts and cashews than for pecans and pine nuts (R0 =26.18, 19.07, 15.18, 8.30 and 9.92 offspring, respectively), whereas the reverse was observed for the mean generation time (T = 62.09, 66.08, 71.92, 85.18 and 83.29d, respectively). The data revealed that peanuts and cashews favored the rapid development of T. granarium, with enhanced fecundity, high net reproductive rate and reduced generation time. While T. granarium completes its life cycle on pine nuts and pecans, it develops significantly faster on peanuts and cashews under optimal conditions. Management must therefore target these high-risk nuts in warm, dry storage to prevent rapid infestation. Authorities should also monitor international trade of non-grain commodities, as infested products can facilitate invasion into new areas.

Indexed as

ColeopteraNutsAnimalsArachisCaryaFemaleReproductionTriticumDemographyFood commoditiesKhapra beetleStored pest management

Identifiers

PMID41724814
PMCPMC13022494

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.