ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2026
FMRI Approaches to Mapping Cerebrovascular Reactivity: Comparison of Gradient Echo BOLD and Spin Echo BOLD With Arterial Spin Labeling.
Sara Pomante, Davide Di Censo, Alessandra Caporale, Fabrizio Fasano, Domenico Zacà, Elizabeth Jane Fear, Francesca Graziano, Manuela Carriero, Lucie Renee Raymonde Chalet, Emma Biondetti and 4 more
Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraphArticle in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
14 authors.
Sara PomanteDepartment of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy.ORCID 0009-0009-2465-3421 Davide Di CensoDepartment of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy.
Alessandra CaporaleDepartment of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy.
Fabrizio FasanoSiemens Healthcare, Camberley, Surrey, UK.
Domenico ZacàScientific Collaborations and Strategic Partnerships, Siemens Healthcare S.r.l., Milan, Lombardia, Italy.
Elizabeth Jane FearDepartment of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0578-900X Francesca GrazianoDepartment of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy.
Manuela CarrieroDepartment of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy.
Lucie Renee Raymonde ChaletDepartment of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8783-984X Emma BiondettiDepartment of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6727-0935 Maria Eugenia CaligiuriDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2030-5552 Michael GermuskaDepartment of Radiology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA.
Richard Geoffrey WiseDepartment of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy.
Antonio Maria ChiarelliDepartment of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5347-8417 Funding
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council EP/S025901/1European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie 101066055NextGenerationEU, Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR), Research National Program (PNR) and Projects of National Relevance (PRIN) 2022BERM2FNextGenerationEU, Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR), Research National Program (PNR) and Projects of National Relevance (PRIN) 2022MHMSSJNextGenerationEU, Italian MUR, National Plan for Recovery and Resilience (PNRR) and PRIN P20225AEEENextGenerationEU, Italian MUR, National Plan for Recovery and Resilience (PNRR) and PRIN P2022ESHT4NextGenerationEU under the National Plan for Recovery and Resilience (PNRR), Italian MUR ECS00000041NextGenerationEU under the National Plan for Recovery and Resilience (PNRR), Italian MUR PE0000006Wellcome Trust 220575/Z/20/Z
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
purposeTo compare markers of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) measured with Gradient Echo (GE, T2*w) and Spin-Echo (SE, T2w) BOLD fMRI with quantitative physiological CVR measured using ASL.
methodsCVR, the ability of blood vessels to dilate and increase cerebral blood flow (CBF), can be investigated with ASL fMRI but has a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). GE-BOLD provides semi-quantitative CVR assessment, has high SNR but is influenced by baseline deoxyhemoglobin and the macrovascular venous compartment. SE-BOLD is selectively more sensitive to microvasculature, mitigating contamination from larger vessels. We developed a pCASL GE-BOLD/SE-BOLD MRI sequence and collected all three fMRI modalities in 20 healthy subjects during a hypercapnic breath-holding task.
resultsCVRs in GM were CVR
conclusionsBOLD fMRI provides a semi-quantitative CVR assessment. Using SE-BOLD may be advisable, as it approximates physiological CVR more closely than GE-BOLD due to reduced sensitivity to larger veins while maintaining a similar group-level sensitivity.
Indexed as
BrainBrain MappingCerebrovascular CirculationMagnetic Resonance ImagingAdultBreath HoldingFemaleHumansHypercapniaImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMalePerfusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingSignal-To-Noise RatioSpin LabelsYoung AdultSpin Labelsarterial spin labeling (ASL)cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR)gradient‐echo blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRIspin‐echo BOLD fMRI
Identifiers
PMID41724703
PMCPMC13049236
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