ArticleJournal of optometry
Improvement of dryness symptoms at the end of the day with artificial tear.
Article in Journal of optometry. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Systane COMPLETE Preservative-Free in improving symptoms of occasional dryness, particularly towards the end of the day.
methodsA multicentric longitudinal prospective study was conducted. Participants were required to have an Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score between 13 and 32 (mild-to-moderate symptoms of dryness). Subjects used Systane COMPLETE Preservative-Free four times a day (upon waking, at midday, in the afternoon, and two hours before bedtime) for one month. Weekly questionnaires were administered, and a review was conducted at the beginning and end of the study. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare OSDI, DEQ-5, Efron scale scores, and corneal staining using the Oxford scale. Correlations between environmental variables and symptom scores were also analyzed.
resultsThis sample included 19 men and 67 women with a mean age of 42.6 ± 13.2. Statistically significant improvements were observed in both questionnaires (OSDI and DEQ-5) across all visits (p < 0.01) reducing the score to less than half, particularly with a decrease in symptoms at the final visit after artificial tear use (DEQ-5). The DEQ-5 questionnaire score at the initial visit correlates (Spearman's Rho) with limbal hyperemia (ρ = 0.24; p = 0.02), and conjunctival staining (ρ = 0.28; p < 0.01). The OSDI questionnaire score correlates with conjunctival staining (ρ = 0.38; p = 0.03). Moreover, the DEQ-5 questionnaire score showed correlations with several environmental factors (ρ = 0.23-0.33; p < 0.04).
conclusionsSystane COMPLETE Preservative-Free has proven effective in improving moderate ocular dryness symptoms, as measured by the OSDI questionnaire, as well as end-of-day dryness, as assessed by the DEQ-5.
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