Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41723753›Full record

ArticleJournal of behavioral addictions2026

Health response to problematic usage of the internet: A global survey on trends, available treatments and key challenges.

Arash Khojasteh Zonoozi, Joe Schofield, Fateme Sadat Abolghasemi, Sophia Achab, Atul Ambekar, Henrietta Bowden-Jones, Zsolt Demetrovics, Mohsen Ebrahimi, Naomi A Fineberg, Yasser Khazaal and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of behavioral addictions, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Arash Khojasteh Zonoozi1International Society of Addiction Medicine, Calgary, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4712-8928
Joe Schofield1International Society of Addiction Medicine, Calgary, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-1307-2375
Fateme Sadat Abolghasemi1International Society of Addiction Medicine, Calgary, Canada.
Sophia Achab4Deputy Division Director & ReConnecte Treatment Centre Director, Addiction division, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-3861-3297
Atul Ambekar6National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Henrietta Bowden-Jones7National Centre for Behavioural Addictions, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-9314-3697
Zsolt Demetrovics8Flinders University Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, College of Human Sciences and Culture, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5604-7551
Mohsen Ebrahimi1International Society of Addiction Medicine, Calgary, Canada.
Naomi A Fineberg11Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-1158-6900
Yasser Khazaal12Service de médecine des addictions, Département de psychiatrie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois et Université de Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-8549-6599
Hae Kook Lee13Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu, South Korea.
Kristiana Siste14Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0001-7435-6243
Dan J Stein16SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-7218-7810
Anise M S Wu17Department of Psychology and Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8174-6581
Mehran Zare-Bidoky1International Society of Addiction Medicine, Calgary, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-2572-8498
ISAM-GEN Societies' Experts
Marc N Potenza18Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6323-1354
Alexander Mario Baldacchino3School of Medicine, Division of Population and Behavioural Science, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-0227-2849
Hamed Ekhtiari22Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6902-8798

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Aims: Problematic usage of the internet (PUI) is a growing global concern, emerging among more than 5.3 billion people who use the internet worldwide. While specific forms such as online gaming and gambling are recognized as disorders or conditions for further study in diagnostic manuals, global data on prevalence, treatment, and health responses to PUI remain limited. This study aimed to obtain perspectives from representatives of addiction medicine/psychiatry societies regarding the scope, treatment, and health responses to PUI and identify gaps. Methods: A global survey was conducted through the International Society of Addiction Medicine's Global Expert Network (ISAM-GEN), involving addiction societies from 38 countries across Europe, Asia/Oceania, the Americas, and Africa. The survey assessed responses to non-specific PUI and five subtypes: online gaming, gambling, pornography, social media, and online shopping. It included case scenarios and questions on the significance and severity of PUI, and country-level health responses. Results: Online gambling (94.8%) and gaming (86.9%) were the most frequently reported PUI forms, followed by social media (84.2%), pornography (68.3%), and online shopping (52.6%). Psychotherapeutic approaches, particularly cognitive behavioral therapy, were the most widely available treatments, reported as accessible by over 70% of country respondents. Despite growing awareness-reflected in the formation of PUI interest groups in 44.7% of societies-gaps were reported, including lack of professional certification (78.9%), insufficient practitioner education (68.4%), and inadequate expert training (63.2%). Notably, 65.8% rated the 10-year severity of PUI as extremely or very important. Discussion & Conclusion: Global attention to PUI is increasing, but more robust healthcare responses are needed. Addressing existing gaps requires enhanced training and sustainable international efforts.

Indexed as

Behavior, AddictiveGamblingInternetInternet Addiction DisorderPsychotherapyDigital MediaEroticaGlobal HealthHumansSocial MediaSurveys and Questionnairesaddictive behaviorscompulsive behaviorsgamblingglobal surveyimpulsive behaviorsinternet addictionpornographytechnology addictionvideo games

Identifiers

PMID41723753
PMCPMC13132387

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.