Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41723205›Full record

ArticleScientific data2026

A Unified Dataset for Antibody and Nanobody Design Including Sequence, Structure, and Binding Affinity Data.

Yikai Wu, Xuejiao Liu, Karin Hrovatin, Dezhi Wu, Stephanie Linker, Mathias Winkel, Feng Tan

Abstract readDataset
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific data, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. AVIDbase: A biologically accurate structural dataset of nanobody-antigen complexes.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yikai WuHuman Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0009-0003-9586-1830
Xuejiao LiuInstitutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Karin HrovatinDigital Chemistry, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
Dezhi WuComputer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Stephanie LinkerDigital Chemistry, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
Mathias WinkelAI & Quantum Lab, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
Feng TanAI & Quantum Lab, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. feng.tan@merckgroup.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The design and optimization of antibodies and nanobodies using deep generative models hold transformative potential for therapeutic and diagnostic applications, which are hindered by the fragmented and inconsistent nature of existing datasets. To address these limitations, we introduce the Antibody and Nanobody Design Dataset (ANDD), a unified dataset that integrates sequence, structure, antigen, and affinity data from 15 diverse sources. ANDD is a comprehensive resource comprising 48,683 antibody/nanobody sequences, with structural data for 24,941 entries, and antigen sequences for 12,575 entries. We further augmented the affinity data with 2,271 predicted affinity values using ANTIPASTI, a robust model for binding affinity prediction. Consequently, ANDD includes 9,557 affinity values, making it the largest dataset to date for antibody/nanobody and antigen pairs with affinity data. By addressing challenges of data fragmentation and inconsistency, ANDD provides a robust foundation for training deep generative models. With ANDD, the models can better model antibody/nanobody-antigen interactions, while design novel antibodies and nanobodies with improved specificity and efficacy, paving the way for development of targeted therapeutics.

Indexed as

AntibodiesSingle-Domain AntibodiesAntibody AffinityAntigensGenerative Artificial IntelligenceAntibodiesAntigensSingle-Domain Antibodies

Identifiers

PMID41723205
PMCPMC12932709

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.