Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41723133›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Thin film lithium niobate on sapphire for integrated mid-infrared modulator.

Pierre Didier, Prakhar Jain, Mathieu Bertrand, Jost Kellner, Oliver Pitz, Zhecheng Dai, Tristan Kuttner, Mattias Beck, Baile Chen, Jérôme Faist and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Pierre DidierETH Zurich, Department of Physics, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, Zurich, Switzerland. pdidier@phys.ethz.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5503-998X
Prakhar JainETH Zurich, Department of Physics, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, Zurich, Switzerland.
Mathieu BertrandETH Zurich, Department of Physics, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Quantum Optoelectronics Group, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9016-8103
Jost KellnerETH Zurich, Department of Physics, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, Zurich, Switzerland.
Oliver PitzETH Zurich, Department of Physics, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-5746-8244
Zhecheng DaiSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
Tristan KuttnerETH Zurich, Department of Physics, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-2609-4271
Mattias BeckETH Zurich, Department of Physics, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Quantum Optoelectronics Group, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0260-5797
Baile ChenSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3265-5787
Jérôme FaistETH Zurich, Department of Physics, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Quantum Optoelectronics Group, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4429-7988
Rachel GrangeETH Zurich, Department of Physics, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Optical Nanomaterial Group, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-9756

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The mid-infrared spectrum, spanning from 3 to 14 µm, holds great promise for molecular spectroscopy and free space optical communication, benefiting from strong molecular absorption and reduced atmospheric attenuation. While progress in MIR photonics has accelerated due to improved sources and detectors, integrated low-loss, high -performance modulators remain limited. In order to address this gap, we demonstrate a broadband, high speed lithium niobate on sapphire Mach Zehnder electro optic modulator operating from 3.95 to 4.5 µm. The device shows a 3 dB bandwidth above 20 GHz, 17 dB extinction ratio, and V

Identifiers

PMID41723133
PMCPMC13039532

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.