ArticleMolecular & cellular proteomics : MCP2026
Spatial Profiling of Glycosaminoglycans (GAGomics) From Laser Microdissected Mouse Brain.
Article in Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans: Master Regulators of Cellular Signaling, Tissue Development, and Neural Function.Journal of neuroscience research · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear, negatively charged polysaccharides composed of repeating disaccharide units. Heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are highly sulfated GAG classes, ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues, that play critical roles in cellular signaling, tissue homeostasis, and disease progression. Aside from their biological importance, the structural analysis of HS and CS remains limited to bulk tissue analysis due to their extensive heterogeneity, structural complexity, and the presence of isomers and epimers. In this work, we developed an integrated workflow combining laser microdissection (LMD), hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), and cyclic ion mobility mass spectrometry (cIM-MS) for the identification and quantification of HS and CS disaccharides from small-scale and spatially resolved mouse brain tissue sections. Through sequential enzymatic digestion of HS and CS chains from the same sample, we profiled not only the common disaccharides that serve as structural signatures for HS and CS, but also rarely detected HS disaccharides containing saturated uronic acid residues, as well as lyase-resistant 3-O-sulfated HS tetrasaccharides. HILIC enabled the separation of HS and CS disaccharides based on their composition and hydrophilicity, while cIM-MS further enhanced the resolution of positional isomers. Quantitative analysis using linear calibration curves revealed disaccharide abundances in small-scale tissue sections collected by LMD. Overall, our finding highlighted the merit of the LMD-HILIC-cIM-MS workflow for HS and CS analysis in spatial GAGomics and its potential for biomarker discovery and therapeutic application studies.
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