Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41722275›Full record

ArticleThe journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease2026

Estimated prevalence of underdiagnosed dementia in a multiethnic community-based study.

Lydia Trudel, Joseph Therriault, Arthur C Macedo, Meredith N Braskie, Karin L Meeker, Arthur W Toga, Serge Gauthier, Paolo Vitali, Sid E O'Bryant, Pedro Rosa-Neto

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lydia TrudelDepartment of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Hospital Research Centre - Centre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Canada. Electronic address: lydia.trudel@mail.mcgill.ca.
Joseph TherriaultDepartment of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Arthur C MacedoDepartment of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Hospital Research Centre - Centre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Canada.
Meredith N BraskieMark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Karin L MeekerInstitute for Translational Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA; Department of Family Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
Arthur W TogaMark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Serge GauthierDepartment of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Hospital Research Centre - Centre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Canada.
Paolo VitaliDepartment of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Hospital Research Centre - Centre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Canada.
Sid E O'BryantInstitute for Translational Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA; Department of Family Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
Pedro Rosa-NetoDepartment of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Douglas Hospital Research Centre - Centre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Canada; Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute (OBI), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre (UTSW), Dallas, TX, USA. Electronic address: pedro.rosa@mcgill.ca.

Funding

Understanding ethno-racial differences in AT(N)-defined heterogeneity profilesK01AG083115 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Karin Meeker · 2023 to 2026
$496k
NIA NIH HHS K01 AG083115NIA NIH HHS L60 AG096756
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dementia frequently goes undetected in community settings, particularly among socially disadvantaged populations. Here, we estimated the prevalence of underdiagnosed dementia across diverse sociodemographic determinants of health in the Health and Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD), a community-based cohort of adults recruited through community outreach in Fort Worth, Texas. We estimated age-specific probabilities of underdiagnosis using Poisson regression models with a log link, including age and sex as covariates. Robust (sandwich) variance estimators were used to obtain standard errors and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Group differences or trends for continuous measures were assessed using robust variance estimates. The prevalence of underdiagnosed dementia was higher among individuals without physician access (98.1% vs. 78.1%, p<.0001), non-English speakers (97.9% vs. 76.8%, p<.0001), and the uninsured (91.5% vs. 79.5%, p=.03). Black and Hispanic participants also showed higher prevalence (85.8% and 90.9%) compared to non-Hispanic White participants (64.9%; p=.02 and p=.002, respectively). Each additional year of education was associated with a 2.5% lower risk of underdiagnosis (p<.0001). No differences were observed by sex, marital status, income or social support. Our results highlight that several sociodemographic factors contribute to the likelihood of living with undiagnosed dementia.

Indexed as

DementiaAgedAged, 80 and overBlack or African AmericanFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMalePrevalenceSocioeconomic Disparities in HealthTexasUndiagnosed DiseasesWhiteDementiaPrevalenceSociodemographic factorsUnderdiagnosis

Identifiers

PMID41722275
PMCPMC12945572

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.