Altered perivascular diffusivity in glioblastoma: integrating DTI-ALPS index with radio-pathomic and histopathologic correlates.

purposeGlioblastoma is an aggressive primary brain tumor that often exhibits perivascular invasion. This behavior may directly interfere with glymphatic flow, hindering perivascular drainage routes. This study aims to assess glymphatic dysfunction in glioblastoma by evaluating the DTI-ALPS index, an MRI-based surrogate of glymphatic activity. We additionally correlate mpMRI-derived tumor features with radio-pathomic maps of hypercellularity.

methodsWe included 368 IDH-wildtype GBM patients from the UCSF-PDGM dataset. Preoperative T1, T1C, FLAIR, ADC, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) maps were preprocessed using standard co-registration and intensity normalization protocols. Radio-pathomic maps of tumor cellularity were generated using a previously published model which was trained on spatially aligned autopsy samples. The DTI-ALPS index was computed using DTI maps normalized to the JHU-ICMB-FA template, with ROIs on predefined white matter tracts and categorized by tumor laterality.

resultsThe DTI-ALPS index was significantly lower on the ipsilateral side for both the GTR and STR cohorts (p < 0.00001). Furthermore, DTI-ALPS

conclusionOur findings suggest that GBM-associated perivascular invasion disrupts glymphatic function, as evidenced by a significantly lower DTI-ALPS index in the tumor-affected hemisphere. The inverse correlation between the DTI-ALPS index and both volume and cellularity metrics highlights the extent to which GBM alters perivascular fluid dynamics.