Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41718786›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of urology2026

Impact of thyroid diseases on urinary stone composition: a decade-Long analysis based on propensity score matching.

Mengting Wang, Kemin Liu, Qianjun Li, Kunzhi Luo, Weizhi Zheng, Yiping Lai, Haojie Wu, Ying Liang, Baoqing Sun, Guohua Zeng and 1 more

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Article in World journal of urology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Mengting Wang *Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Kemin Liu *Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
Qianjun Li *Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
Kunzhi Luo *Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Weizhi Zheng *Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Yiping LaiDepartment of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Haojie WuDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
Ying Liang *Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China. wingleung113@126.com.
Baoqing Sun *Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China. sunbaoqing@gzhmu.edu.cn.
Guohua Zeng *Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. 2008690094@gzhmu.edu.cn.
Zhenglin Chang *Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. czlin223@163.con.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUrolithiasis affects 14.8% of the global population, with its pathogenesis involving multiple systemic factors. Among patients with thyroid disorders, which affect 5–10% of the population, the risk of stone formation and compositional characteristics may exhibit specific alterations; however, the mechanisms by which different thyroid functional states influence stone composition remain unclear.

methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 33,579 urinary stone composition data collected from 2014 to 2024 in South China. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to evaluate the distribution characteristics of stone composition across different thyroid functional states, establishing three 1:1 matched cohorts: hyperthyroidism group (n = 298), hypothyroidism group (n = 140), and hyperparathyroidism group (n = 82). Multivariable logistic regression, generalized linear models, and interaction analyses were performed to assess the associations between stone composition and thyroid disorders, controlling for confounding factors including age, sex, season, and stone location.

resultsThe urinary stone composition analysis in this study revealed specific effects of different thyroid disorders. Patients with hyperthyroidism showed significantly higher proportions of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) stones compared to controls (15.1% vs. 7.5%, p = 0.016); patients with hypothyroidism exhibited increased proportions of carbonate apatite (CA) stones (85.2% vs. 64.3%, p = 0.043). Multivariable regression confirmed hypothyroidism as an independent risk factor for CA stones (OR > 1.0), while demonstrating a protective effect against calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stones (OR < 1.0). Interaction analyses revealed sex-based differences in COM stones among hyperthyroid patients (higher predicted probability in males), and seasonal variations in stone composition among hypothyroid patients. Age-stratified analysis identified increasing magnesium ammonium phosphate stones with age in hyperthyroid patients, with CA stones exhibiting the strongest age dependency.

conclusionUrinary stone composition is specifically regulated by thyroid functional states. Hyperthyroidism is associated with increased COD stones, while hypothyroidism independently promotes CA stone formation but inhibits COM stones, suggesting that endocrine factors participate in the formation of different stone types through regulation of calcium-phosphate metabolism, providing important evidence for individualized prevention strategies based on stone composition.

Indexed as

HyperparathyroidismHyperthyroidismHypothyroidismThyroid DiseasesUrinary CalculiAdultApatitesCalcium OxalateFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPropensity ScoreRetrospective StudiesTime FactorsApatitesCalcium OxalatecarboapatiteHyperparathyroidism (HPT)Hyperthyroidism (HT)Hypothyroidism (HT-)Stone compositionUrolithiasis

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PMID41718786

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.