Associations Between Eye-Movement Patterns, Pupil Dynamics, and the Interpretation of a Single Mixed-Dentition Panoramic Radiograph Among Dental Students: An Exploratory Eye-Tracking Study.

Satoshi Tanaka, Hiroyuki Karibe, Yuichi Kato, Ayuko Okamoto, Tsuneo Sekimoto

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Vision (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Satoshi TanakaDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-7391-8010

Hiroyuki KaribeDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-3197-5604

Yuichi KatoDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan.

Ayuko OkamotoDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan.

Tsuneo SekimotoThe Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan.

Funding

JSPS KAKENHI JP2646319, JP17K12065, JP22K10349, and JP25K13298

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Eye tracking can provide quantitative indices of visual exploration and cognitive processing during radiographic image interpretation. This study examined eye-movement patterns and pupil dynamics and their associations with task performance while fifth-year dental students interpreted a single mixed-dentition panoramic radiograph under free-viewing conditions. Task performance was defined as the number of correctly identified pre-specified items (three radiographic findings plus two interpretive items: dental age estimation and the presence/absence of congenital anomalies). Eye-movement patterns were classified into four groups: clockwise (R, 29.6%), counterclockwise (L, 44.4%), saccadic (S, 16.7%), and concentrated (C, 9.3%). Clockwise scan paths were associated with higher task scores and more globally distributed fixations than other patterns (

Indexed as

cognitive loaddental studentseye-trackingfixationmixed dentitionpanoramic radiographypupillometryradiographic interpretationsaccadesvisual search

Identifiers

PMID41718257

DOI10.3390/vision10010013

PMCPMC12921889

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.