Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41718153›Full record

ArticleNeuroSci2026

Safety and Efficacy of Stroke Thrombolysis for Patients with Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: Literature Review and Nationwide Cohort Study.

Huanwen Chen, Rachel K Laursen, Matthew K McIntyre, Monika Jain, Hamza A Salim, Dhairya A Lakhani, Ajay Malhotra, Dheeraj Gandhi, Marco Colasurdo

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in NeuroSci, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Huanwen ChenNeurosurgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2455-748X
Rachel K LaursenNeurology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Matthew K McIntyreNeurosurgery, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-9788-5913
Monika JainNeurology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Hamza A SalimNeuroradiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5208-8425
Dhairya A LakhaniNeuroradiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7577-1887
Ajay MalhotraRadiology, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9223-6640
Dheeraj GandhiNeurosurgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Marco ColasurdoInterventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7823-3088

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIntravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is relatively contraindicated in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with intracranial vascular malformations per current guidelines. Thus, the presence of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) may complicate treatment decision-making.

methodsWe performed a literature review of the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases through July 2025, identifying reported cases of IVT administration in AIS patients with CCMs. Additionally, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Readmissions Database (2016-2022) of AIS patients with CCM, and assessed outcomes with IVT versus no IVT treatment. The primary outcome was functional independence at discharge; secondary outcomes included mortality and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH).

resultsOnly 34 CCM patients across 7 studies were identified in the literature, with symptomatic ICH occurring in 2 cases (5.9%). In the nationwide cohort, 846 AIS patients with CCMs were included, of whom 240 (28.4%) received IVT. Compared to no IVT treatment, IVT was associated with significantly higher rates of functional independence (46.4% vs. 24.6%, adjusted OR [aOR] 3.04 [95% CI 1.98-4.68],

conclusionsThe current literature on the safety and efficacy of IVT in AIS patients with CCMs is limited. Our nationwide study suggests that IVT was associated with higher rates of early functional independence without increased risks of hemorrhage or death among patients with CCM.

Indexed as

cavernomacavernous malformationhemangiomahemorrhageinfarctstrokethrombolysis

Identifiers

PMID41718153
PMCPMC12921825

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.