ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2026
Sublingual Sidestream Dark Field (SDF) Microscopy With GlycoCheck Analysis in Individuals With and Without Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Disease.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundMicrovascular density and endothelial glycocalyx function may provide insights into early atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Sublingual sidestream darkfield (SDF) microscopy permits imaging of red blood cells (RBC) to assess the microcirculation. We sought to define reference ranges for SDF microscopy parameters in healthy populations and individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) and to assess factors correlated with microcirculatory abnormalities.
methodsAdults with and without CVD risk factors and epicardial CAD underwent SDF microscopy using a CapiScope Handheld Video Capillaroscopy System and Glycocheck analytic software to measure the perfused boundary region (a measure of RBC glycocalyx penetration), percent RBC filling (%RBC, a measure of microvascular perfusion) and microvascular density.
resultsA total of 413 individuals underwent SDF microscopy, including 86 healthy adults, 273 adults with ≥1 CVD risk factors without established obstructive CAD, and 54 with obstructive CAD. Among healthy adults, median perfused boundary region was 1.89 μm [interquartile range 1.71-2.06], median %RBC was 74.4% [71.2-77.6], and median microvascular density was 411 μm/mm
conclusionsObstructive CAD was not associated with sublingual microvascular parameters after accounting for demographics and CVD risk factors. The overlap of microvascular parameters in patients with and without CAD limits the clinical utility of SDF microscopy to identify traditional CVD.
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