Lithium dendrite inhibition effect induced by nucleation parameters based on the mechanical-thermo-electrochemical coupling model.

Solid-state lithium batteries offer numerous advantages, including high energy density, superior mechanical strength, excellent cycle stability, non-flammability, and extended service life. However, the uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrites at the electrode/electrolyte interface is a critical challenge, limiting the battery performance and safety. The inhibition effect of lithium dendrite growth is investigated based on the phase field theory to address the above-mentioned issue. A nonlinear mechanical-thermo-electrochemical coupling model integrating the mechanical, thermal, and electrochemical fields is formulated to investigate the morphological characteristics and evolutionary dynamics of lithium dendrite. The influences of the initial nucleation shapes and positions on the inhibition effect of lithium dendrite growth are discussed. The dendrite growth under the initial elliptical nucleation condition remains uninhibited, whereas that under the initial circular nucleation condition exhibits a distinct self-inhibition effect. These findings provide insights for advancing inhibition strategies of lithium dendrite growth under multi-field coupling conditions.