Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41716417›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal transplant-associated T cells and myeloid cells in human liver transplantation.

Tianyang Zhou, Kun Guo, Chengyong Dong, Yuhui Wang, Jiajun Gao, Zhenyu Xu, Zhaoyun Shi, Zhiqi Jiao, Cong Xia, Ke Hu and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Tianyang ZhouDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Kun GuoDepartment of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Chengyong DongDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Yuhui WangDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Jiajun GaoDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Zhenyu XuDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Zhaoyun ShiDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Zhiqi JiaoDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Cong XiaDivision of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Ke HuDepartment of Urology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Zhenming GaoDivision of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Liver transplantation is the only effective way for end-stage liver disease. Rejection remains the leading cause of graft failure. The dynamic changes of intrahepatic immune cells involved in rejection are not completely understood. Methods: We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics (ST) to analyze graft tissues from multiple stages of human liver transplantation. ST enabled high-resolution mapping of immune cell states and spatial distribution within liver grafts. Results: We identified several transplantation-associated T cell (taT) subsets, including CD4 Conclusion: These findings highlight the potential roles and spatial distribution of taT subsets in rejecting liver grafts, providing insights into local immune regulation and the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

Graft RejectionLiver TransplantationMyeloid CellsT-Lymphocyte SubsetsTranscriptomeCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesGene Expression ProfilingHumansSingle-Cell AnalysisSingle-Cell Gene Expression AnalysisSpatial TranscriptomicsT-Cell Exhaustiongraft rejectionliver transplantationmyeloid cellssingle-cell RNA sequencingspatial transcriptomicsT cells

Identifiers

PMID41716417
PMCPMC12913157

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.