ArticleBMC research notes2026
Clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with intracavitary contrast-enhanced ultrasound in ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage.
Article in BMC research notes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo investigate the clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combined with intracavitary contrast-enhanced ultrasound (IC-CEUS) for percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGD).
methodsRetrospective analysis was performed on the data of 42 patients who underwent PTGD in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2025. All patients underwent CEUS combined with IC-CEUS. The study included 20 males and 22 females, aged 35 to 98 years, with an average of 71.5 ± 9.7 years. This study did not establish a control group. Among them, 4 patients were required preoperative CEUS to evaluate due to adverse conditions and 38 patients were received postoperative CEUS combined with IC-CEUS due to postoperative abdominal pain and drainage obstruction.
resultsThe success rate of CEUS combined with IC-CEUS was 100%(42/42). All 4 patients with unsatisfactory ultrasound findings were effectively evaluated by preoperative CEUS. The causes of PTGD failure were identified in 73.7% (28/38) of the patients through postoperative CEUS combined with IC-CEUS. Among them, CEUS indicated 7.89%(3/38 95%CI:1.67%-21.37%) for perihepatic effusion and 5.26% (2/38 95%CI:0.64%-17.76%) for active hemorrhage of gallbladder. IC-CEUS indicated displacement of the drainage tube in 47.37% (18/38 95%CI:31.48%-63.69%) and blockage in 13.16% (5/38 95%CI:4.36%-28.25%) of the patients. 26.32% (10/38 95%CI:13.88%-42.31%) of the patients were not detected with any abnormalities during CEUS combined with IC-CEUS.
conclusionCEUS combined with IC-CEUS has potential value in evaluating PTGD and postoperative complications under specific circumstances. It may effectively guide clinical management.
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