ArticleReproductive health2026
Female genital mutilation/cutting experiences and attitudes among women from countries with high prevalence of FGM/C living in the United States: findings from the women's health needs study.
Article in Reproductive health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundFemale genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a health and human rights concern for women and girls globally, and illegal to perform in the United States (US). FGM/C is associated with negative immediate and long-term health consequences such as pain, infections, and obstetric complications. Recent US estimates of the numbers of women and girls impacted by FGM/C are unknown but increasing immigration to the US from countries where FGM/C is prevalent suggests an increased population. We describe the health characteristics, experiences, and attitudes about FGM/C among Women's Health Needs Study (WHNS) participants.
methodsThe WHNS cross-sectional survey interview collected information from 1,132 women ages 18 to 49 years living in the US who were born, or whose mothers were born, in a country where FGM/C is a prevalent practice. During November 2020 through June 2021, study participants were identified in four US metropolitan areas using a hybrid venue-based and respondent-driven sampling approach. We analyzed WHNS data to describe respondents' characteristics, FGM/C experiences (FGM/C status, type of FGM/C, age at FGM/C, communication with health care providers about FGM/C) and attitudes about continuance of FGM/C. Analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4.
resultsOf the 1,132 women interviewed, over half (55%) had experienced FGM/C. Of those, 29% said their vagina had been sewn closed (infibulated), almost two-thirds (64%) reported that FGM/C occurred before age 10, and fewer than one third of women with FGM/C (31%) had ever discussed it with a health care provider. Most women interviewed thought FGM/C should be stopped (92%).
conclusionsOur results provide insights into FGM/C-related experiences and attitudes among 1,132 US women from FGM/C-practicing countries, among whom just over half reported having experienced FGM/C. Social and health care services that provide care to potentially affected US women can use this knowledge about women's FGM/C experiences and attitudes to heighten awareness, improve clinical care, and promote interventions and strategies for prevention.
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