Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41715071›Full record

Observational studyBMC pulmonary medicine2026

Impact of immune-related toxicity on survival and treatment response in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Alejandro Valcuende-Rosique, Corina Escoín-Pérez, Agustín Sánchez-Alcaraz, Virginia Merino-Sanjuán

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Alejandro Valcuende-RosiquePharmacy Department, Ribera University Hospital, Alzira, Spain. valcuende_ale@gva.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8455-9877
Corina Escoín-PérezOncology Department, Ribera University Hospital, Alzira, Spain.
Agustín Sánchez-AlcarazPharmacy Department, Ribera University Hospital, Alzira, Spain.
Virginia Merino-SanjuánDpto. de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjasot, Valencia, 46100, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of lung cancer cases and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized treatment, offering improved survival. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are common, and their impact on treatment outcomes warrants further investigation.

aimThis study evaluates the relationship between irAEs and clinical outcomes, including progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and objective response rate (ORR), in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs.

methodA retrospective observational study including 174 NSCLC patients treated with ICIs between 2019 and 2023 was conducted. Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Associations between irAEs and treatment response were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression.

resultsIrAEs were observed in 42.0% of patients, primarily grade 1-2 (83.6%). Patients with irAEs exhibited significantly improved PFS (32.3 vs. 6.2 months; HR 0.52) and OS (37.4 vs. 9.8 months; HR 0.57). DCR (89.3% vs. 64.6%; OR 3.21) and ORR (64.2% vs. 31.6%; OR 2.81) were also higher in this group. No significant differences in outcomes were noted by irAE grade or organ affected.

conclusionThe presence of irAEs is associated with enhanced survival and treatment response in NSCLC patients receiving ICIs. These findings underscore the potential of irAEs as predictive biomarkers, supporting personalized treatment strategies.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsLung NeoplasmsAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedProgression-Free SurvivalProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmune checkpoint inhibitorsImmune-related adverse eventsNon-small cell lung cancerOverall survivalProgression-free survivalTreatment response

Identifiers

PMID41715071
PMCPMC13032547

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.