Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41714769›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Community-level influenza activity modifies the association between ambient air pollution and acute respiratory emergency visits in six U.S. Cities.

Xucheng Fred Huang, Qingyang Zhu, Rebecca Zhang, Stefanie Ebelt, Howard H Chang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xucheng Fred HuangGangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-1918-1548
Qingyang ZhuGangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-5199
Rebecca ZhangDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Stefanie EbeltDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4713-2337
Howard H ChangGangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. hhchang@emory.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6316-1640

Funding

Data Integration Methods for Environmental Exposures with Applications to Air Pollution and Asthma MorbidityR01ES027892 · NIEHS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI CHANG, HOWARD H · 2017 to 2021
$2.7M
Methods for Estimating Disease Burden of Seasonal InfluenzaR21AI167418 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI CHANG, HOWARD H, CHEN, YONG · 2023 to 2024
$443k
NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI167418NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES027892
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ambient air pollution and seasonal influenza both contribute to respiratory morbidity, yet their potential synergistic effects remain unclear. Understanding how these two exposures interact is crucial for developing integrated health protection strategies. We conducted a time-series analysis to assess whether community-level influenza activity modifies the short-term associations between air pollution and respiratory emergency department (ED) visits. We acquired daily ED visits for all respiratory illnesses, pneumonia, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from six U.S. metropolitan areas (2005-2017). Weekly influenza activity was measured by laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalization rates from hospital surveillance system. We used quasi-Poisson models to estimate associations between PM

Indexed as

Air PollutionEmergency Service, HospitalInfluenza, HumanAir PollutantsCitiesEmergency Room VisitsEnvironmental ExposureFemaleHospitalizationHumansMaleMiddle AgedNitrogen DioxideParticulate MatterSeasonsUnited StatesAir PollutantsNitrogen DioxideParticulate MatterAir pollutionEffect modificationFine particulate matterInfluenzaNitrogen dioxide (NO₂)Respiratory healthTime-series analysis

Identifiers

PMID41714769
PMCPMC13018471

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.