Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41714336›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Evaluation of real-time source apportionment approaches in six Chinese cities using the AXA (ACSM, Xact, Aethalometer) instrumental set-up.

Manousos I Manousakas, Tianqu Cui, Qiyuan Wang, Lu Qi, Markus Furger, Rico K Y Cheung, Lubna Dada, Yufang Hao, Peeyush Khare, Jie Tian and 10 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Manousos I ManousakasPSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland. m.manousakas@ipta.demokritos.gr.
Tianqu CuiPSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
Qiyuan WangKey Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China.
Lu QiPSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
Markus FurgerPSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
Rico K Y CheungPSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
Lubna DadaPSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
Yufang HaoPSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
Peeyush KharePSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
Jie TianKey Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China.
Yuemei HanKey Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China.
Yang ChenChongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China.
Shaofei KongDepartment of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, 430078, China.
Yunfei WuState Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
Yele SunState Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
Renjian ZhangXianghe Observatory of Whole Atmosphere, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xianghe, 065400, China.
Jay G SlowikPSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
Junji CaoKey Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China.
Kaspar R DaellenbachPSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
André S H PrévôtPSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland. andre.prevot@psi.ch.

Funding

SDC 7F-09802.01.03
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study evaluates an innovative system that can be used for Near Real-Time Source Apportionment (NRT model) providing results within minutes after the measurements across six Chinese cities: Beijing, Langfang, Shijiazhuang, Xi'an, Wuhan, and Chongqing during 2020-22. The system leverages the AXA instrumental setup (ACSM, Xact, Aethalometer) to integrate high-time-resolution data and provide detailed insights into major particulate matter (PM) sources and their contributions. Secondary PM components dominated across all sites, accounting for up to 66% of the total PM2.5 mass in some cities. Primary sources such as solid fuel combustion contributed approximately 10-30%, while episodic dust events were a major source in Langfang during specific periods. The system's performance was validated by strong correlations (R

Identifiers

PMID41714336
PMCPMC13018185

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.