Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41713866›Full record

ArticleJournal of fish biology2026

Modelling experiments reveal fish swimming strategies in the vertical slot fishway: Insights from swimming behaviours, kinematics and trajectory energy benefits.

Xiaoming Yan, Fei Liu, Chenyang Cao, Shikang Liu, Qihao Meng, Yuqian Xi, Lijian Ouyang, Weiwei Yao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of fish biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Xiaoming YanState Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Fei LiuThe Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
Chenyang CaoState Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Shikang LiuState Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Qihao MengState Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Yuqian XiState Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Lijian OuyangState Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Weiwei YaoState Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1050-9188

Funding

Bijie Talent Team of Biological Protection and Ecological Restoration in Liuchong River Basin 202112CWRH-SCU PHD Student Innovation-Fostering Fund 2026C02B1209Dongfeng Lake and Liuchong River Basin of Observation and Research Station of Guizhou Province QKHPT YWZ{2025}002Guizhou Province Science and Technology Project [2024]116National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFB3206905National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFC3202002National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFC3205900Science and Technology Project of Bijie city of open competition mechanism to select the best candidates BKHZDZX〔2023〕1Xinjiang Ecological Water Conservancy Research Center 2024B002
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The vertical slot fishway (VSF) has been widely installed to help fish pass hydropower dams, mitigating migration barriers from dam construction. Current research on VSF construction has not fully incorporated the fundamental principles of fish swimming kinematics and the quantification of trajectory characteristics, which is of great significance for optimizing existing VSFs and guiding future development. This study investigated the swimming behaviours, kinematics and trajectory characteristics of Procypris rabaudi (P.R.), Onychostoma sima (O.S.) and Squalidus argentatus (S.A.) in a VSF. Kinematics metrics included tail-beat frequency, angle, amplitude, midline kinematics and wavelength. The results demonstrated that the passage rate for the three fish species (8-10 cm body length) decreased as the outlet velocity increased. Analysis of trajectory hydraulic complexity revealed that swimming along side walls and baffles provided greater energy benefits. Furthermore, fish exhibited the lowest tail-beat frequency in recirculation zones, whereas the midline oscillation amplitude and wavelength progressively decreased from recirculation zones to the mainstream and slots. Long-term retention behaviours were also observed to adversely affect passage efficiency. This study thereby enhances understanding of fish swimming strategies and trajectory characteristics in VSFs.

Indexed as

SwimmingAnimalsBiomechanical PhenomenaEnergy MetabolismModels, Biologicalfish behaviourhydrodynamicsswimming kinematicstrajectoryvertical slot fishway

Identifiers

PMID41713866
PMCPMC13357342

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.