Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41713716›Full record

ReviewClinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)2026

Pre- and peri-hematopoietic cell transplant management of disseminated non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter infection in X-linked agammaglobulinemia: Case series and literature review.

Rachel Lee, Danielle E Arnold, Mark Parta, Sung-Yun Pai, John P Dekker, Sanchita Das, Rose Lee, Jennifer Cuellar-Rodriguez, Jenna Bergerson, Mary M Czech

Abstract readCase ReportsReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Rachel LeeLaboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
Danielle E ArnoldImmune Deficiency Cellular Therapy Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Mark PartaClinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
Sung-Yun PaiImmune Deficiency Cellular Therapy Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
John P DekkerLaboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
Sanchita DasDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Rose LeeDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Jennifer Cuellar-RodriguezLaboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
Jenna BergersonLaboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America. Electronic address: jenna.bergerson@nih.gov.
Mary M CzechLaboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America. Electronic address: mary.czech@nih.gov.

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS Z99 AI999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) species are recognized as a cause of chronic systemic infection, cellulitis, and osteomyelitis in patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA). Diagnosis and treatment are challenging due to fastidious growth, lack of standardized therapies, and frequent recurrence. We describe two cases of disseminated NHPH infection in XLA, including a patient where allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) was incorporated into management to achieve durable immune reconstitution and cure infection. One patient with disseminated Helicobacter bilis osteomyelitis discontinued antibacterials 14 months post-HCT following immune reconstitution. Another patient with disseminated Helicobacter cinaedi remains on antibacterials and is being evaluated for HCT. In select cases, HCT may represent a potential option to correct the immunodeficiency and enable infection clearance, with antibacterial therapy continued through HCT until systemic immunosuppression is withdrawn, immune reconstitution is documented, and infection resolves.

Indexed as

AgammaglobulinemiaGenetic Diseases, X-LinkedHelicobacter InfectionsHematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationAdolescentAnti-Bacterial AgentsHelicobacterHumansMaleOsteomyelitisYoung AdultAnti-Bacterial AgentsAllogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT)Chronic cellulitisHelicobacter bilisHelicobacter cinaediNon-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter infectionOsteomyelitisX-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA)

Identifiers

PMID41713716
PMCPMC13006914

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.