Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41712686›Full record

ArticleBriefings in bioinformatics2026

An unsupervised method for spatial transcriptomics analysis based on adversarial autoencoder.

Wei Lan, Guohang He, Lingzhi Zhu, Ruiqing Zheng, Min Li, Yi Pan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Briefings in bioinformatics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Wei LanGuangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Networks Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, No. 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
Guohang HeGuangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Networks Technology, School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, No. 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
Lingzhi ZhuSchool of Computer and Information Science, Hunan Institute of Technology, No. 18 Henghua Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, China.
Ruiqing ZhengHunan Provincial Key laboratory on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, No. 932 Lushan South Road, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
Min LiHunan Provincial Key laboratory on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, No. 932 Lushan South Road, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
Yi PanFaculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, No. 1 Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.

Funding

2025 Guangxi Education Department Graduate Innovation Project ZX01030030725006Guangxi Bagui Youth Talent ProgramGuangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health GXYJK-202407Hunan Intelligent Rehabilitation Robot and Auxiliary Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center 2025AQ104National Natural Science Foundation of China 62472108National Natural Science Foundation of China U24A20256Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China 2024GXNSFFA010006Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province 2023JJ50117Project of Guangxi Health Commission Eye and Related Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screen Technology Key Laboratory GXYAI-202402
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) offers unprecedented opportunities to decode the spatial organization of gene expression, yet the inherent noise and complexity of ST data pose substantial challenges for accurate analysis. Here, we present DACN, a unified framework that integrates an improved adversarial autoencoder (AAE) with a graph convolutional network (GCN) to robustly analyze ST data across varying resolutions and throughputs. DACN employs a hybrid encoder that couples multi-head attention with residual connections to capture fine-grained local expression patterns while retaining critical global information. The hybrid encoder and generator jointly construct the AAE module, which denoises expression profiles and learns stable latent representations. The GCN component further exploits spatial neighborhood relationships to refine these embeddings. Across multiple ST datasets with varying resolutions, DACN consistently outperforms existing methods in accuracy and robustness. All code and datasets are publicly available at https://github.com/lanbiolab/DACN.

Indexed as

Gene Expression ProfilingSpatial TranscriptomicsTranscriptomeUnsupervised Machine LearningAlgorithmsAutoencoderGraph Neural NetworksHumansadversarial autoencoderdeep learningspatial domainspatial transcriptomics

Identifiers

PMID41712686
PMCPMC12919444

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.