ArticleACS applied bio materials2026
Simultaneous Cross-Linking and Nanoparticle Anchoring by Dialdehyde Cellulose in Injectable Composite Chitosan/Polypyrrole Hydrogels.
Article in ACS applied bio materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The injectable composite hydrogel with covalently bound polypyrrole (PPy) has been prepared using dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) as a bifunctional cross-linker, forming dynamic imine bonds with water-soluble half acetylated chitosan (SCN) and simultaneously tethering the PPy nanoparticles by aldol condensation. The novelty lies in translating this dual chemistry into an injectable, self-healing hydrogel system, for the first time fully utilizing dynamic Schiff base cross-linking in combination with covalent PPy anchoring. PPy is also involved both in hydrogel cross-linking, altering its rheological behavior, but also providing antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. The resulting hydrogels exhibited shear-thinning behavior, rapid self-healing, and storage moduli ranging from 25 to 47 Pa, allowing for injection through 21 G needles. All formulations were noncytotoxic toward NIH/3T3 fibroblasts and RAW 264.7 macrophages. In scratch assays, SCN_DAC_20_PPy significantly accelerated wound closure, with the residual wound area to 39 ± 2% after 10 h versus 83 ± 7% for controls and 65 ± 3% for the corresponding PPy-free hydrogel. In LPS-stimulated macrophages, all hydrogels decreased nitric oxide production, and PPy-containing hydrogels additionally reduced IL-6 secretion. The SCN/DAC/PPy injectable hydrogels thus exhibit cytocompatibility, self-healing properties, and anti-inflammatory activity, representing a promising platform for the future development of advanced wound dressings.
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