The Fight is not Over: Sustained Vigilance Against Schistosomiasis Needing in China.

China has achieved remarkable progress toward eliminating schistosomiasis, yet potential risks persist due to residual snail habitats, animal reservoirs, and uneven surveillance coverage. This paper synthesizes current surveillance frameworks and recent literature to identify key challenges and propose actionable directions for sustaining elimination achievements. It emphasizes the need to distinguish serological evidence of past exposure from active infection when interpreting surveillance results. To consolidate elimination outcomes, we recommend a phased, evidence-based strategy: (1) strengthen integrated human–animal–environment surveillance systems, (2) enhance data sharing and cross-sectoral coordination under the One Health framework, and (3) develop long-term mechanisms for resource allocation and emergency response in re-emergence areas. These recommendations aim to guide policy refinement and prioritize resource investment for sustainable schistosomiasis control in the post-elimination era.