Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41711909›Full record

ArticleArchives of microbiology2026

Differential activation of NF-κB pathway by Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccharides affects blood-brain barrier permeability.

Xiao Liu, Guangyu Ju, Xinyi Wang, Rao Liu, Qi Ding, Shuanghu Yuan, Junchao Qian

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Archives of microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Xiao LiuSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, P.R. China.
Guangyu JuAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P.R. China.
Xinyi WangAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P.R. China.
Rao LiuAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P.R. China.
Qi DingAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P.R. China.
Shuanghu YuanSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, P.R. China. Yuanshuanghu@sina.com.
Junchao QianSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, P.R. China. qianjunchao@ustc.edu.cn.

Funding

Anhui Province Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists 2208085J10Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center 2019HSC-CIP003National Natural Science Foundation of China U1932158Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2019LZL018
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a crucial role in protecting the central nervous system (CNS) from harmful substances but poses challenges to the effective delivery of many therapeutic drugs. While the inflammatory effects of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are documented, the combined effects of specific LPS types on BBB integrity require further investigation. This study investigates the distinct and combined impacts of LPS derived from Escherichia coli (EC) and Bacteroides fragilis (BF) on BBB integrity. A range of assays was employed, including Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) endotoxin detection, CCK-8 cell viability assays, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurement, FITC-Dextran permeability, immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis of NF-κB p65 and phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) nuclear translocation, tight junctions (TJs) proteins (ZO-1, claudin-5, occludin), inflammation cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and COX-2 levels by qPCR and ELISA, Rhodamine 123 (Rh123) efflux assays, and Evans Blue (EB) staining in mice to assess BBB permeability in vivo. The results showed that EC-LPS had higher endotoxin activity compared to BF-LPS (EU ratio of 4.7:1), and despite equal EU concentrations, EC-LPS induced a stronger inflammatory response and more significant BBB disruption. Notably, the co-treatment group (EC-LPS + BF-LPS) showed no synergistic effect on BBB permeability, with BF-LPS antagonizing the effect of EC-LPS. Further confirmation through TLR4 and NF-κB inhibitors revealed that this BBB permeability mechanism is TLR4 receptor and NF-κB pathway-dependent.

Indexed as

Bacteroides fragilisBlood-Brain BarrierEscherichia coliLipopolysaccharidesNF-kappa BAnimalsCell LineHumansMicePermeabilitySignal TransductionTight JunctionsToll-Like Receptor 4LipopolysaccharidesNF-kappa BToll-Like Receptor 4Bacteroides fragilisBlood–brain barrier permeabilityEscherichia coliLipopolysaccharidesNF-κB pathway

Identifiers

PMID41711909

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.