Potentiality of LPS in Ameliorating the Histopathological Responses in Visceral Leishmaniasis-Infected Mice.

Objective: Visceral leishmaniasis is the second most fatal parasite illness worldwide, and it is the most severe type of leishmaniasis. LPS is a crucial chemical compound on the bacterial cell wall that the host recognizes and uses to launch an immune response to eliminate invasive infections. Materials and Methods: Four concentrations of LPS were used to treat infected mice with visceral leishmaniasis (20, 40, 60, and 80 ng/mL). Differential cell count and phagocytic index tests were done, then the liver and spleen were separated, and a histopathological assay was performed. Results: The findings demonstrated that all blood cells, with the exception of basophils, varied significantly between the uninfected and infected groups. With the exception of the 40 ng/mL concentration, there were notable variations in lymphocytes between the treated and infected groups as well as across the treated groups. With the exception of the 60 ng/mL concentration, neutrophils and monocytes showed significant changes between the treated and infected groups. Eosinophils, however, showed noticeable differences between the infected group and the treated groups. As for the phagocytic index, there was a significant difference between the uninfected and treated groups with the infected group. Histopathological results showed the effectiveness of LPS in the treatment of infected liver and spleen, especially in low concentrations (20, 40, and 60 ng/mL), whereas the highest concentration of LPS showed significant damage to liver and spleen tissue. Conclusion: This result opens up prospects for the possibility of using LPS as a treatment for many pathogens.