Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41709055›Full record

ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2026

Comparison of Minimal Endoscopic Sphincterotomy with Balloon Dilation and Endoscopic Sphincterotomy for the Treatment of Small Common Bile Duct Stones: A Propensity-Matched Analysis.

Tadahisa Inoue, Rena Kitano, Tomoya Kitada, Shun Futagami, Masato Yano, Kazumasa Sakamoto, Satoshi Kimoto, Jun Arai, Masanao Nakamura, Kiyoaki Ito

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Tadahisa InoueDepartment of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan. tinoue-tag@umin.ac.jp.
Rena KitanoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
Tomoya KitadaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
Shun FutagamiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
Masato YanoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
Kazumasa SakamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
Satoshi KimotoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
Jun AraiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
Masanao NakamuraDepartment of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
Kiyoaki ItoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEndoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) with balloon dilation, combining minimal incision and controlled dilation (ESBD), has been proposed to balance safety and efficacy in treating small common bile duct (CBD) stones. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of ESBD and conventional ES in a large real-world cohort.

methodsThis retrospective study included 1,647 eligible patients (ESBD, n = 326; ES, n = 1,321) with ≤ 11 mm CBD stones who underwent endoscopic removal. Propensity score matching was performed (1:1, caliper 0.2), with 299 patients per group. The primary outcome was the rate of procedure-related adverse events (AEs), and secondary outcomes included complete stone removal, need for multiple sessions, use of lithotripsy, and procedure time for stone removal.

resultsThe AE rate was significantly lower in the ESBD group than in the ES group (4.0% vs. 8.7%, p = 0.028), particularly for bleeding (2.0% vs. 5.7%, p = 0.031). The incidence of pancreatitis was comparable between the groups. The procedure time for stone removal was significantly shorter in the ESBD group (median, 12 vs. 22 min; p < 0.001). The rates of complete stone removal, need for multiple sessions, and lithotripsy were similar between the groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that ESBD was significantly associated with a lower incidence of AEs (odds ratio, 0.43; p = 0.048).

conclusionsESBD significantly reduced bleeding and overall AEs without increasing the risk of pancreatitis while shortening the procedure time for stone removal. These findings support ESBD as a potentially safe, efficient, and practical alternative to conventional ES for removing small CBD stones.

Indexed as

CholedocholithiasisGallstonesSphincterotomy, EndoscopicAgedCholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic RetrogradeDilatationFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPancreatitisPostoperative ComplicationsPropensity ScoreRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeAdverse eventCommon bile duct stoneEndoscopic papillary balloon dilationEndoscopic sphincterotomy

Identifiers

PMID41709055

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.